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The horror and devastation left by the July 4 floods in central Texas cannot be understood or captured adequately by words, even for those of us fortunate enough to be removed from the disaster. But for the people who lost loved ones, grief will take many forms that may seem unrecognizable to other people in their lives.

The so-called “five stages of grief” that have been embedded in American culture since the concept arose in the 1970s were misapplied and do not adequately capture the bereavement process, explains social worker and grief researcher Liza Barros-Lane.

But when death arises from traumatic circumstances, the path to healing is longer, with more intense and acute grief, she writes. In fact, Barros-Lane herself experienced the loss of her husband to tragic circumstances in 2020. “When death is sudden, violent, or when a body is never recovered, grief gets tangled up with trauma,” she writes.

Barros-Lane explains that there are specific ways to support people as they move forward from traumatic loss of loved ones, offering lessons to anyone who knows someone feeling grief. “Coping can look messy or self-destructive, but these are often survival strategies, not conscious choices,” she writes.

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Amanda Mascarelli

Senior Health and Medicine Editor

Rain falls over a makeshift memorial for flood victims along the Guadalupe River on July 13, 2025, in Kerrville, Texas. AP Photo/Eric Gay

When grief involves trauma − a social worker explains how to support survivors of the recent floods and other devastating losses

Liza Barros-Lane, University of Houston-Downtown

Contrary to popular belief, grief doesn’t unfold in 5 neat stages. Yet, when loss is traumatic, it can take a heavy emotional and physical toll, leaving mourners and their supporters overwhelmed and unsure how to help.

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