+ a shell game with climate finance money for poor countries ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌
The Conversation

Welcome to the Saturday edition of The Conversation U.S.’s Daily newsletter.

Thanksgiving and the Pilgrims are inseparable in the version of American history many of us grew up with. As the story goes, the feast these separatist Puritans shared with Wampanoag attendees in Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1621 is the inspiration for our annual celebration.

But the Pilgrims were actually a little late to the table, as Notre Dame historian Thomas Tweed explains. There’s a longer story of thanks-giving rituals in North America – and many of the characters are missing from today’s familiar narrative.

Indigenous communities held harvest feasts long before Europeans’ arrival, for example, and Spanish Catholics in Florida celebrated Mass and shared a meal with Native Americans in 1565. Abraham Lincoln’s Thanksgiving proclamation doesn’t mention Plymouth.

Around the turn of the 20th century, though – a time of high immigration, especially from Catholic and Jewish communities – the Protestant Pilgrims became the stars of the holiday. They also became more and more central to many Americans’ ideas about the country’s founding. It’s “a story worth telling,” Tweed writes – but not the full story.

This week we also like stories about how the notion of mail-order brides has evolved in our digital age, off-label uses of COVID-19 vaccines, and what synthetic data is – and why it’s crucial to generative artificial intelligence.

One last note: If you find our work valuable, please support us. We’re giving all our donors a free e-book of our recent series looking at bold solutions to the affordable housing crisis.

Molly Jackson

Religion and Ethics Editor

‘The First Thanksgiving, 1621,’ by Jean L. G. Ferris. Library of Congress

How the Plymouth Pilgrims took over Thanksgiving – and who history left behind

Thomas Tweed, University of Notre Dame

In some ways, Thanksgiving is a tradition that unites Americans. But the classic image of the Pilgrims obscures important parts of the country’s story.

Climate finance is meant to help low-income countries adapt to climate change and recover from disasters like Hurricane Melissa. Yamil Lage/AFP via Getty Images

How climate finance to help poor countries became a global shell game – donors have counted fossil fuel projects, airports and even ice cream shops

Shannon Gibson, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences

Wealthy countries promised billions of dollars to help developing nations adapt to climate change, but the result rests on a shaky foundation of fuzzy accounting.

There are certain situations in which the military should not fall in line. Bo Zaunders/Corbis Documentary via Getty Images

Just follow orders or obey the law? What US troops told us about refusing illegal commands

Charli Carpenter, UMass Amherst; Geraldine Santoso, UMass Amherst

A majority of service members understand the distinction between legal and illegal orders.

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