First Thing: Israeli military database indicates only a quarter of Gaza detainees are fighters

Children, sick and disabled people among 6,000 imprisoned without charge or trial. Plus, Portugal mourns after deadly funicular crash in Lisbon

Good morning.

Only a quarter of detainees from Gaza held in Israeli jails are identified as fighters by Israel’s military intelligence, according to classified data.

A joint investigation by the Guardian, the Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 magazine and the Hebrew-language outlet Local Call reveals that Israel’s data indicates that civilians make up the overwhelming majority of Palestinians held without charge or trial.

Those jailed include children and elderly people, sick, and disabled people, as well as medical workers, teachers, civil servants, media workers and writers.

In May, Israel had detained 6,000 people under its “unlawful combatants” legislation, which allows indefinite imprisonment without charge or trial, official data released after legal appeals showed. Of this number, 1,450 individuals were on Israel’s database that classifies individuals as Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad fighters.

• How has the war changed detainees’ rights? Israel has extended the length of time the state can detain someone without access to a lawyer from 75 to 180 days. It also lengthened the number of days people can be held before bringing them before a judge to authorize the detention from 45 to 75.

Trump asks US supreme court to overturn trade tariffs ruling

Donald Trump has asked the US supreme court to review a lower-court decision that found the majority of his trade tariffs were illegal.

In a decisive blow to his trade policy, on Friday the federal appeals court found in a 7-4 ruling that Trump had exceeded his presidential powers by using a 1977 law designed to address national emergencies to introduce his 2 April “liberation day” border taxes. The ruling upheld a previous decision by the US court of international trade.

• What does last week’s decision mean for the levies? They have been left in place until 14 October, which affords the administration time to ask the supreme court to overturn the decision.

Democrats foil justice department lawsuit by negotiating to keep 98,000 North Carolina voters

Democrats have successfully negotiated an agreement to safeguard the voting rights of about 98,000 North Carolina residents after the Trump administration tried to restrict them.

The action was taken after the justice department sued the North Carolina state board of elections this year, demanding that the state prevent those who had provided a driver’s license number or the last four digits of their social security number when they registered from voting.

The Democratic National Committee and voting rights groups in the state stepped in, arguing that the actions demanded by the justice department breached the National Voter Registration Act and had partisan motivations.

• What are the terms of the agreement? Voters who have not provided the information can still vote with a provisional ballot.

In other news …

• Portugal has declared a day of national mourning after at least 17 people were killed when a Lisbon funicular railway car derailed and crashed on Wednesday.

• Donald Trump’s administration acted unlawfully in rescinding about $2.2bn in grants to Harvard University, and can no longer withhold funding to the Ivy League school, a federal judge has ruled.

• Jamaica has re-elected Andrew Holness and the Jamaica Labour party for a third consecutive term in government after a close race against the People’s National party.

• The Trump administration deliberately chose to hold immigration detainees in a Louisiana prison because of its notorious reputation, said the Department of Homeland Security secretary, Kristi Noem.

Stat of the day: Sweeteners can harm cognitive health equivalent to 1.6 years of ageing, study finds

Consuming large amounts of sweeteners, such as those used in soft drinks, is linked to a 62% faster decline in the ability to think and remember – equivalent to ageing 1.6 years, a study has found. It adds to a growing body of research that suggests sweeteners such as aspartame and saccharin may raise the risk of a range of diseases including type 2 diabetes, cancer, heart problems, depression and dementia, as well as damage the gut wall.

Don’t miss this: The Knoxville dropout fighting to change how we see addiction

Kirsten Smith was 16 when she first injected morphine; 18 when she shot up oxycodone. By 19, she had moved on to heroin, and within a few years she was in prison. Now, as an assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioural sciences, she believes her path was shaped of her own volition – and resists the model that understands addiction as a relapsing disease of the brain, arguing that it can stop people believing full recovery is possible.

Climate check: Spain and Portugal wildfire weather ‘made 40 times more likely by climate crisis’

The extreme weather that fueled August’s deadly wildfires in Portugal and Spain was made 40 times more likely by the climate crisis, according to early analysis. Researchers also found that climate breakdown made the fires, which burned 1.2m acres of the Iberian peninsula within weeks, 30% more intense.

Last Thing: New Jersey man breakdances through town hall tax questions

Footage has gone viral of a man from New Jersey prefacing his questions about rising taxes at a town hall meeting with a breakdancing performance. Will Thilly, who has a history of unconventional town hall appearances, said after Tuesday’s impromptu performance that he wanted local government to “lighten up” as “people are overly stressed”.

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