Opinion Today: What does it mean to be an American?
The fight over birthright citizenship has made questions of national identity especially urgent.
Opinion Today
July 3, 2025
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By Ezekiel Kweku

Special Projects Editor, Opinion

Like many second-generation immigrants, I find the sense of ownership and responsibility I feel for my home fascinating. When I read American history, the country’s victories and glory feel like mine, and so too do its defeats and shame. America’s story feels like my story.

Why does American identity feel so curiously malleable and open? What makes a person an American? What holds together our national identity?

Immigration and birthright citizenship have always been close to the core of those questions. The idea that one merely needs to be born in the country to be its citizen is not unique to the United States — it is common in the Americas, though it is rare elsewhere — but it helps define it, together with America’s particular history of immigration. Donald Trump’s first run for the presidency, so based in a narrow view of what it meant to be an American, gave these questions fresh relevance for me. And his executive order aimed at restricting birthright, along with his broader agenda on immigration, made the stakes of the answers sharp and material.

As I explore in an essay for Opinion, American identity is not just the result of high-flown ideals imperfectly practiced. It is also the result of messy contingencies and base motivations. What is beautiful about this country, which I love with the zeal of a convert, didn’t just blossom in spite of the country’s flaws and failures, but in part because of them. If we want an inclusive and cohesive national identity, we must forge it. And that is a project that we all must participate in, not just leave to fate.

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